讲座题目🧑🚀：The History of Spartina Invasions and Control 主讲人😆：Donald R. Strong 教授 主持人：李秀珍 教授 开始时间：2019-10-29 09:10:00 讲座地址：闵行校区河口海岸大楼B101报告厅 主办单位：河口海岸科学研究院
报告人简介： Dr. Donald R. Strong is a distinguished professor of University of California, Davis. His research interests are trophic ecology; ecology and evolution of insect-plant interactions; soil ecology, natural enemy, and salt-marsh ecology; and biological control of weeds. And he focuses on Community Ecology, Evolutionary Ecology and Life History Strategies, Population Dynamics and Population Interactions. He is a fellow of the Ecological Society of America since 2012. In 2011, he was awarded as Distinguished Service Citation from Ecological Society of America. 报告内容： Spartina species are powerful ecological engineers and create intertidal habitats. They grow lower on the tidal plane than other vascular plants, and stiff stems precipitate sediments into which roots grow. Most Spartina species are native to the Atlantic, especially the northwestern Atlantic. Where native, Spartina is valued for solidifying and defining the shore as well as supporting biodiversity. In most, but not all, of the many estuaries where Spartina has been introduced, it is considered a bane. It overgrows native salt marsh, competes vigorously with native species, accretes undesirable sediment, diminishes biota, increases management costs, and interferes with human uses of estuaries.The Spartina alterniflora invasion of Chinese estuaries is the world’s largest for this genus. Control of invasive Spartina is usually expensive. Earth moving, diking, covering, and herbicide spraying have been used for control. The single known attempt at biological control of Spartina, in Willapa Bay, WA, USA was a failure. Herbicide applications have virtually eliminated the massive Spartina alterniflora invasion of Willapa Bay. In San Francisco Bay, CA an imbroglio continues to play out from the purposeful introduction of S. alterniflora, which hybridized with native California cordgrass. The hybrids spread rapidly into forging habitat of migratory shorebirds, which led to a large-scale herbicide campaign that can be view as a success in saving that habitat. The campaign targeted hybrid Spartina but brought collateral damage to habitat of the endangered Ridgeway’s rail, which was using the tall hybrid Spartina as a surrogate for marshland that had been removed by urbanization and agriculture built around SF Bay during the last century. A twist of irony is that tall, dense S. alterniflora can protect shorelines from the early stages of sea level rise by attenuating the highest tides. Marshes would have to grow up the shore to perform this ecosystem service, but in many places upward growth of the marsh is impeded by human-built structures. |
